Nizhnyk V.V, Nikulin O.F, Pozdeev S.V, Dobriak D.O, Moroz O.I, Kodrik A.I. Experimental method of evaluation of performance easily disposable construction (2)
- Деталі
- Батьківська категорія: Геотехнічна механіка, 2020
- Категорія: Геотехнічна механіка, 2020, № 152
Geoteh. meh. 2020, 152, 127-137
https://doi.org/10.15407/geotm2020.152.127
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD OF EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE EASILY DISPOSABLE CONSTRUCTION
1Nizhnyk V.V, 1Nikulin O.F, 2Pozdeev S.V, 1Dobriak D.O,1Moroz O.I, 1Kodrik A.I.
1Institute of Public Administration and Research in Civil Defense, 2Cherkasy Institute of Fire Safety named after the Heroes of Chernobyl of the National University of Civil Defense of Ukraine
УДК [614.838.5]
Language: Ukrainian
Annotation.
This article presents the current state of affairs in cases of explosions in Ukraine and preventive measures to protect against them. The relevance of studies on the substantiation of the methodology for calculating the parameters of easily disposable structures for explosive and fire hazardous premises has been determined. The analysis of domestic and foreign regulatory documents for the design and installation of window openings in buildings for various purposes is carried out. The permissible values of the overpressure of the explosion, which does not cause significant damage to building structures and is safe for people, are considered. The subject of the study is the effect of the amount of gas on the design parameters of the research stand for the experimental evaluation of easily disposable structures. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the design and the main technical parameters of the research stand for assessing the performance of easily sisposable structures. The essence of the proposed research method is to create an excess pressure from the explosion of a mixture of propane-butane with air in the working volume and to study the effect of this excess pressure of the explosion on a prototype of an easily disposable structure. An experimental stand for studying the processes of the influence of the magnitude of the overpressure of an explosion in a confined space on the design parameters of easily disposable structures is simple in design, provides an imitation of a part of a building (structure) fragment and makes it possible to study the possibility of using certain building materials with different geometric parameters as easily disposable structures, which, in turn, allows the researcher to obtain more reliable data for analysis. The existing experimental methods for evaluating the parameters of easily disposable structures are analyzed. The dimensions of the research stand and the parameters of its enclosing structures, the critical values of the overpressure of the explosion, which the stand should create, and the minimum amount of gas, the combustion of which will provide the necessary overpressure of the explosion in the stand, are substantiated. A fundamentally new stand for the experimental evaluation of the parameters of easily disposable structures, a program and experimental research methodology have been developed.
Keywords: easily disposable structures, overpressure of the explosion, experimental evaluation of easily disposable structures, research stand, parameters of easily disposable structures.
References
1. Statystyka pozhezh ta yikh naslidkiv v Ukraini za 2013-2016 roky. Statistichnyi zbirnyk analitychnykh materialiv. Za zagalnoiu redaktsiieiu V.S. Kropyvnytskogo [Statistics of fires and their consequences in Ukraine for 2013-2016. Statistical collection of analytical materials. Edited by V.S. Kropyvnytskyi], UkrNDICZ, Kyiv, UA.
2. UkrNDIprocivilsilbud (2011), DSTU B V.2.6-15:2011. Bloki okonnye i dvernye polivinilhloridnye. Obshchie tekhnicheskie usloviya [DSTU B V.2.6-15:2011 Windows and door blocks made of PVC. General specifications], Kyiv, UA.
3. NAPB B.07.005-86 Opredelenie kategorii pomesheniy i zdaniy po vzryvopozharnoy i pozharnoy opasnosti (Obshesoyuznye normy tekhnologicheskogo proektirovaniya) ONTP 24-86 [NAPB B.07.005-86 Determination of categories of premises and buildings for explosion and fire hazard (All-Union norms of technological design) ONTP 24-86] (1986), VNIIPO MVD SSSR, Moscow, SU.
4. Ministerstvo arhitektury i stroitelstva Respubliki Belarus (2006), TKP 45-2.02-38-2006 (02250). Konstruktsii legkosbrasyvaemye. Pravila rascheta. [TKP 45-2.02-38-2006 (02250) (2006) Easily discarded constructions. Calculation rules], Minsk, Belarus.
5. NFPA 68. Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting (2018). Available at: https://catalog.nfpa.org/NFPA-68.
6. BS EN 14491:2012. Dust Explosion Venting Protective Systems (2012), available at: https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail.
7. Raschet parametrov legkosbrasyvaemykh konstruktsiy dlya vzryvoopasnykh pomeshcheniy promyshlennykh obektov. Rekomendansii [Calculation of parameters of easily resettable structures for explosive areas of industrial facilities. Recommendations] (2015), VNIIPO, Moscow, RU.
8. Gosudarstvennyy komitet po standartizatsii Respubliki Belarus (2007), STB 1762-2007 Konstrutsii legkosbrasyvayemye. Metod opredeleniya izbytochnogo davleniya vskrytiya [STB 1762-2007Easily discarded constructions. Method for determining overpressure opening]. Minsk, Belarus.
9. GOST R 56289-2014 Konstruktsii svetoprozrachnye legkosbrasyvaemye dlya zdaniy. Metody ispytaniy na vozdeystvie vnutrennego avariynogo vzryva [GOST R 56289-2014 Translucent easily removable structures for buildings. Test methods for the effect of an internal emergency explosion] (2014), Standartinform, Moscow, RU.
10. Sharovarnikov A. F. and Korolchenko D. A. (2013), “Fightingfiresof carbon dioxideintheclosed buildings”, Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 475-476, pp. 1344-1350.
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.475-476.1344
11. Bradley D. and Mitcheson A. (1976), “Mathematical solutions for explosions insphericalvessels”, Combustion and Flame, Vol. 26, pp. 201-217.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(76)90072-9
12. Crescitelli S., Russo G. and Tufano K. (1979), “Analysis and design ofventingsystems: A simplified approach”, Journal ofOccupational Accidents, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 125-133.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-6349(79)90004-x
13. Orlov G. G., Korolchenko D. A. and Lyapin A. V. (2014), “Optimization of requirements for structural and volumetric planning solutions in the design of buildings and structures for explosive industries”, Pozharovzryvobezopasnost, Vol.. 23, no.11, pp. 67-74.
https://doi.org/10.18322/PVB.2014.23.11.67-74.
14. Orlov G. G., Korolchenko D. A. and Korolchenko A. Ya. (2015), “Determination of the magnitude and nature of explosive loads when using inertial protective structures”, Pozharovzryvobezopasnost, Vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 47-55.
https://doi.org/10.18322/PVB.2015.24.4.47-55.
About the authors
Nizhnyk Vadym Vasyliyovych, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D.), Senior Researcher, Institute of Public Administration and Civil Defense Research, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ця електронна адреса захищена від спам-ботів. вам потрібно увімкнути JavaScript, щоб побачити її. .
Nikulin Oleksandr Fedorovych, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc.), Senior Researcher, Institute of Public Administration and Civil Defense Research, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ця електронна адреса захищена від спам-ботів. вам потрібно увімкнути JavaScript, щоб побачити її. .
Pozdeev Serhii Valeriyovych, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc.), Professor, Chief Researcher of Cherkasy Institute of Fire Safety named after the Heroes of Chernobyl of the National University of Civil Defense of Ukraine, Cherkasy, Ukraine, Ця електронна адреса захищена від спам-ботів. вам потрібно увімкнути JavaScript, щоб побачити її. .
Dobriak Dmytro Oleksandrovych, Master of Science, Researcher, Institute of Public Administration and Research in Civil Defense, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ця електронна адреса захищена від спам-ботів. вам потрібно увімкнути JavaScript, щоб побачити її. .
Moroz Oleksandr Ivanovych, Leading Researcher, Institute of Public Administration and Research in Civil Defense, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ця електронна адреса захищена від спам-ботів. вам потрібно увімкнути JavaScript, щоб побачити її. .
Kodryk Anatolii Ivanovych, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D.), Researcher, Institute of Public Administration and Research in Civil Defense, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ця електронна адреса захищена від спам-ботів. вам потрібно увімкнути JavaScript, щоб побачити її. .