Ahaltsov H.M., Slobodian S.B. Some problems of vibration safety of heavy mining machines, taking into account the structural instability of their elastic links

Details
Parent Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2020
Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2020, № 151

Geoteh. meh. 2020, 151, 245-256

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/geotm2020.151.245

Some problems of vibration safety of heavy mining machines, taking into account the structural instability of their elastic links

1Ahaltsov H.M., 2Slobodian S.B.

1Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of NAS of Ukraine, 2State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilia

UDC 678.4.06:621.81

Language: Russian

Abstract.

Heavy mining vehicles are in most cases the main source of man-made risk. The solution to the issue of their safe functioning obeys a certain logical scheme, in which risk analysis should become an integral part of the work in the design, creation and operation of modern heavy mining machines.

The mining and metallurgical industry of Ukraine is saturated with complex systems of outdated types, the wear of which is up to 80 % and therefore has a high degree of risk. These machines include: ore grinding mills for various technological purposes, crushers, vibrating screens, vibrating feeders, pelletizing mixers, vortex mixers, smoke exhausters, fans, etc. Machines of this type have a large mass (10-300 tons), a large volume of lumpy material, have unbalanced movable elements, installed on floors, are structurally themselves a source of vibration. All these machines, together with the infrastructure of other human-controlled technical means, represent complex human-machine systems. Due to objective reasons, these systems have a low level of reliability, and their location in areas of high concentration of the population sharply increases the danger of technical and natural-technological accidents and disasters. The failure of one such machine can be considered as a man-made accident, which leads to a stoppage of the technological chain and economic losses. But the failure of a group of such machines can lead to a man-made disaster.

To ensure the safe functioning of such a complex technical system, it is necessary to fulfill the following conditions: design and create the system as safe as possible, i.e. must be the absence of unacceptable risk associated with the possibility of damage; the operation of the system should be as reliable and safe as possible; an element must be introduced into the system, providing a mechanism for reducing or eliminating accidents.

Such an element is the introduction of elastic elastomeric elements into the circuit of machines in the form of vibration isolators of various types and the creation on their basis of effective vibration protection systems.

Elastomers, due to their unique properties, have become the missing link in machines of a new technical level that meet the necessary requirements: technology compliance, reliability and durability, a high degree of safe functioning, the ability to work for a long time in difficult and especially difficult, and sometimes in extreme technological conditions. processes of extraction, processing and enrichment of mineral raw materials.

Keywords:

accident, vibration safety, reliability, structural instability, heavy mining machines

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About the authors:

Ahaltsov Hennadii Mykolaiovych, Master of Science, Junior Researcher of Department of Elastomeric Component Mechanics in Mining Machines, Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Slobodian Sergii Borysovych, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D.), Associate Professor of the Department of Physics, Labor Protection and Environmental Engineering, State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilia, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.