Novikov L.A., Konoval V.M., Ishchenko K.S., Kinasz R.I., Malieiev Ye.V. Quality control of preparation of rock mass explosion in granite open pit

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Parent Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2023

Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2023, Issue 166

Geoteh. meh. 2023, 166, 109-117

https://doi.org/10.15407/geotm2023.166.109 

 

QUALITY CONTROL OF PREPARATION OF ROCK MASS EXPLOSION IN GRANITE OPEN PIT

¹Novikov L.A., ²Konoval V.M., ¹Ishchenko K.S., ³Kinasz R.I., ¹Malieiev Ye.V.

¹M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, ²Cherkasy State Technological University, ³AGH University of Science and Technology

UDC 622.235.5:622.271

Language: English

Abstract. The increased intensity of rock crushing using blast energy is a live problem for mining companies in Ukraine engaged in the extraction of hard rocks. The solution to this problem is to increase the share of blast energy spent on rock mass destruction. The paper presents the results of pilot studies of the efficiency of rock breaking in the massif using a new design of borehole charge with variable cross-section for the development of resource-saving and environmentally friendly technologies of extraction of construction raw materials at non-metallic open pit. For substantiation of rational parameters of explosive destruction of rocks experimental researches on studying of structure of a rock massif were carried out. The main characteristics of fracturing of granite massif were determined using the method of stereo photo shooting of exposed faces at horizons selected for industrial tests of the developed method of explosive rock breaking. The influence of cracks on the character of explosive fracture of anisotropic massif was determined and the anisotropy coefficient was calculated. A nomogram was developed, which was used to adjust the parameters of the borehole grid in the experimental site of the block. The quality of rock mass crushing in result of explosion was assessed by the average diameter of pieces with measurements of particle size distribution. The method of oblique photoplanimetry was used for measurements. The results were processed using a computer program. The software makes it possible to determine the granulometric composition of blasted rock mass based on image processing.  The results of industrial experiments shown that the use of charge designs with variable cross-section leads to a 30% decrease in the average diameter of pieces of broken rock and a 10–15% decrease in the consumption of industrial explosives. The use of the proposed designs of combined borehole charges of different shapes allows increasing their length at a constant mass of charges. In turn, this allows forming a multidirectional stress field in the rock massif after detonation of the borehole charge. In such a force field, the role of tensile and shear stresses increases, contributing to more uniform rock crushing. It is established that the new technology of rock breaking with the help of combined borehole charges allows to reduce the consumption of industrial explosives without degrading the quality of rock crushing, and to reduce the negative impact on the environment.
Keywords: borehole, explosion, borehole charge, ledge surface, fracturing.

 

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About the authors:

Novikov Leonid Andrііоvуch, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D.), Researcher in Department of Geomechanics of Mineral Opencast Mining Technology, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

KonovalVolodymyr Mykolaiovych, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor in Department of Industrial and Civil Engineering, Cherkasy State Technological University (CSTU), Cherkasy, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Ishchenko Kostiantyn Stepanovych, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc.), Senior Researcher in Department of Geomechanics of Mineral Opencast Mining Technology, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Kinash Roman Ivanovych, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc), Professor, Doctor in Department of Geomechanics, Civil Engineering and Geotechnics, AGH University of Science and Technology (AGH UST), Krakow, Poland, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Malieiev Yevhenii Volodymyrovych, Junior Researcher in Department of Geomechanics of Mineral Opencast Mining Technology, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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