Mametova L. Minerals-indicators of special changes in the properties of igneous rocks
- Details
- Parent Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2024
- Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2024, Issue 171
Geoteh. meh. 2024, 171, 142-152
https://doi.org/10.15407/geotm2024.171.142
MINERALS-INDICATORS OF SPECIAL CHANGESIN THE PROPERTIES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
Mametova L. 
M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
UDC 552.18:662.831.3:552.4
Language: English
Abstract. The analysis of mineralogical associations in rocks provides insight into their genesis, prevailing conditions at the time of formation, post-formation history, and transformation pathways, which ultimately lead to changes in physical properties. Variations in pressure, temperature, geochemical instability, and tectonic processes contribute to the formation of new minerals that are stable under specific physicochemical conditions.
These mineral associations reflect the physical and mechanical state of the rock.
This study aims to evaluate the current state of research the physical properties of minerals in igneous rocks, using selected regions of Ukraine as case studies. Changes in parageneses result from reactions between early-formed minerals and residual melt. Minerals that crystallize during the cooling of magma, or form after the completion of melt crystallization, are classified as postmagmatic. The formation of new minerals may occur through several mechanisms:
a) within a single primary mineral (or glass) without a change in chemical composition;
b) through significant mass transfer without alteration of the host rock’s overall composition;
c) via mineral formation involving both removal and addition of material.
Processes in the first category include polymorphic transformations, exsolution of solid solutions, recrystallization of volcanic glass, among others. All three mechanisms are reflected in the resulting mineralogical associations. Typical indicators of mineral transformations include serpentine replacing olivine, amphibole replacing pyroxene, and sericite replacing feldspar.
Albitization of igneous rocks – whether of mafic or felsic composition – leads to an increase in porosity. The highest porosity values have been observed in volcanic tuffs and tuff-lavas, including both basaltic series and felsic varieties such as rhyolites, dacites, and trachy-dacites. The formation of secondary mineral phases has a direct impact on the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks.
The integration of compositional and physical data on changes in the mineralogical associations of igneous rocks is essential for an objective evaluation of their quality and for optimizing extraction processes. Porosity, which is closely linked to the degree of mineral replacement, serves as a key indicator across all rock types.
Keywords: mineralogical associations, rocks, transformations, mineral changes, properties.
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About the author:
Mametova Liudmyla, Candidate of Geological Sciences (Ph.D.), Senior Researcher, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. (Corresponding author), ORCID 0000-0001-6198-7337