Bubnova O., Mishchenko T., Buniaieva I. Current condition, distribution and probable reserves of mineral raw materials in technogenic objects of the mining industry of Ukraine
- Details
- Parent Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2024
- Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2024, Issue 171
Geoteh. meh. 2024, 171, 59-73
https://doi.org/10.15407/geotm2024.171.059
CURRENT CONDITION, DISTRIBUTION AND PROBABLE RESERVES OF MINERAL RAW MATERIALS IN TECHNOGENIC OBJECTS OF THE MINING INDUSTRY OF UKRAINE
Bubnova O. 
Mishchenko T.
Buniaieva I.
M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
UDC 553.041-622’17
Language: English
Abstract. In the article, distribution and number of technogenic objects of the mining industry, which include waste dumps, sludge accumulation facilities, and settling ponds are examined based on data from official sources. Thermal power plants and factories processing imported mineral raw materials were also added to the analysis, since their waste accumulation facilities are essentially similar to those of the mining sector. A total of 1,053 technogenic objects were identified, most of which are located in the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts. The main characteristics considered include area occupied by each object and the volume of waste accumulated in it, which made it possible to study the waste accumulation of various types across administrative units of Ukraine and, accordingly, the technogenic pressure on these regions. It was established that more than 66% of the total mass of mining industry waste is located in the Dnipropetrovsk oblast.
The article provides a comparison between the largest technogenic objects of the mining industry in Ukraine.
For a more detailed analysis, the technogenic objects were classified by the types of raw material storage and by the types of minerals, the extraction, enrichment or processing of which have led to formation of these objects. It was established that 63% of technogenic objects in Ukraine were formed during the coal mining and enrichment. By type of storage, bulk technogenic objects (dumps) are the most common.
Based on the results of own experimental researches and studies by other scientists, the content of useful components in different types of technogenic objects was determined, which made it possible to calculate the probable resources of mineral raw materials.
It was established that for some minerals, technogenic objects can serve as the only raw material base of the country due to the absence of their natural reserves (or unconfirmed reserves) or their limited availability, for example, tungsten, gallium, lithium, niobium, antimony, chromium.
The richest in various types of useful components are ash and slag waste dumps of thermal power plants, while in terms of the resource mass, iron ore and coal waste dumps are the largest.
The obtained results will serve as the basis for substantiating the need and economic feasibility of mining waste dumps and tailings storage facilities in order to extract useful components from them and to reduce the technogenic pressure on the environment.
Keywords: technogenic deposits, waste dumps, tailings storage facilities, mineral raw materials, resources.
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About the authors:
Bubnova Olena, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D), Senior Researcher in Department of Geomechanics of Mineral Opencast Mining Technology, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. (Corresponding author), ORCID 0000-0001-6064-5204
Mishchenko Tamara, Master of Sciences, Chief Technologist in Department of Geomechanics of Mineral Opencast Mining Technology, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID 0000-0002-3993-3639
Buniaieva Iryna, Master of Sciences, Technician in Department of Geomechanics of Mineral Opencast Mining Technology, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ,ORCID 0009-0007-7502-3855