Lapshyn Ye., Shevchenko O. Determining the possibilities of using fly ash on the example of the DTEK Prydniprovska TPP
- Details
- Parent Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2024
- Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2024, Issue 170
Geoteh. meh. 2024, 170, 17-27
DETERMINING THE POSSIBILITIES OF USING FLY ASH ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE DTEK PRYDNIPROVSKA TPP
Lapshyn Ye. 
Shevchenko O.
M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
UDC 622.33: 621.311.22.002.84
Language: English
Abstract. The fuel and energy complex facilities of Ukraine are potentially dangerous sources of environmental pollution and pose risks to the health of the population living in adjacent territories. At the same time, ash and slag waste accumulated over many years has a unique mineral composition and often has a complex distribution of useful components that is not typical for natural deposits, representing, in fact, man-made deposits. Their processing allows solving environmental and economic problems. Based on developments in the field of using ash waste from thermal power plants operating on local types of fuel, it is possible to solve problems of resource and energy conservation, for example, in the energy sector and construction, which is a relevant area of research. In terms of chemical composition, ash waste is a complex mixture of various, mainly mineral substances, and their content depends on the composition of the fuel. With appropriate methods of use and available technologies, ash waste becomes a high-quality, cheap, wear-resistant, frost-resistant substitute for natural materials, with binding properties that are used in world practice in the production of concrete, bricks, construction, asphalt concrete mixtures, ceramic tiles, thermal insulation, etc. The conducted studies of the characteristics of fresh (dry) fly ash of DTEK Prydniprovska TPP showed the prospects of processing, the products of which are of industrial interest. Since the ash is a carbon-silicate mass, it is necessary to separate it into components (carbon - silicates). The results of the studies indicate the fundamental possibility of obtaining low-ash coal concentrate from fly ash by fine classification. It was found that the ashiest part is contained in the class +0–0.02 mm and varies from 44.97% to 81.47%. If the classification is carried out by the boundary size of 0.02 mm, it is possible to additionally extract from 5% to 16% of carbon with standard ash content. The carbon content in the undersize product (silicate part with a particle size of less than 0.02 mm) can be reduced to 8–12%, i.e. 3–3.5 times less than in the original product. The obtained carbon is suitable for obtaining coal-water fuel, and silicates are suitable for forming building mixtures and structures. The processing process is technologically possible, economically feasible and will allow: to reduce the need for additional allocation of useful land areas and construction of protective structures; to reduce operating costs affecting the cost of electricity generation; to implement the return of carbon extracted from ash; to reduce the volumes of purchased coal and transportation costs for its delivery from the station; to obtain additional products for the construction industry. Recycling of ash and slag waste (ASW) allows reducing the negative impact of existing ash dumps on the environment by reducing the volumes of their storage.
Keywords: coal, ash and slag waste from thermal power plants, coal combustion products, fly ash, processing experience, fly ash processing, classification.
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About the authors:
Lapshyn Yevhen, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc.), Senior Researcher, Principal Researcher in Department Ecology of Natural Resources Development, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ORCID 0000-0002-5443-5566
Shevchenko Oleksandr, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc.), Senior Researcher, Senior Researcher in Department of Geomechanical Basis of Open-Pit Technology, M.C. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ORCID 0000-0003-2630-0186